Photonic Crystal Fiber (PCF) tseem hu ua Microstructure Optical Fiber (MOF), nws muaj ntau yam thiab cov khoom siv lub cev tshiab, xws li: tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau, tsis tuaj yeem ua kom tiav ib hom, kho qhov tsis yooj yim tawg, poob qis poob qis, hom loj hauv thaj chaw, thiab lwm yam cov yam ntxwv yog qhov nyuaj lossis tsis tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov quartz pa roj carbon fiber ntau hom.
Yog li ntawd, microstructured optical fibers tau nyiam cov xim ntawm lub voj voog txawv teb chaws. Nrog kev nce qib ntawm microstructured optical fiber ntau tsim thev naus laus zis, ntau yam ntsuas ntawm microstructured optical fiber tau ua tiav qhov kev vam meej, thiab ntau yam tshiab microstructured optical fiber tau tshwm sim raws li lub sijhawm xav tau. Nws tsis yog tsuas yog siv rau thaj teb ntawm cov tshuab kev sib txuas lus kho qhov muag, tab sis kuj siv dav hauv cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, xws li: cov tshuab hluav taws xob muaj zog, cov tshuab hluav taws xob, cov tshuab hluav taws xob, cov tshuab hluav taws xob, cov teeb meem, cov khoom tawg, cov khoom siv kho qhov muag, kev hloov kho qhov muag, ob zaug, lim dej, nthwv dej hloov kab hluav taws xob, Soliton cov tshuab hluav taws xob, hom hloov tshuab, kab ntsig fiber ntau, kho mob, biosensing thiab lwm cov teb.
Photonic siv lead ua fiber ntau, tseem hu ua microstructure fiber, tau nyiam mloog dav hauv xyoo tsis ntev los no. Nws qhov chaw hla ntu muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov ua kom tau cais tawm thiab feem ntau muaj cov hws hws hauv cov kev npaj sib txawv. Qhov loj ntawm qhov hws no yog ntxhib tib yam kev txiav txim ntawm qhov ntau thaum lub teeb yoj ntawm lub teeb. Thiab thoob plaws tag nrho ntev ntawm lub cuab yeej, lub teeb yoj tuaj yeem tawm tsis tau mus rau kev nthuav dav hauv thaj chaw tseem ceeb ntawm cov paib. Photonic siv lead ua fiber ntau muaj cov khoom peculiar.
Piv txwv li, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los txhawb tsuas yog ib hom kev xa tawm nyob rau hauv qhov dav dav; kev npaj ntawm lub qhov hws nyob hauv thaj tsam cladding tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau hom qauv yam ntxwv; qhov kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov pores kuj tseem tuaj yeem tsim tau qhov txiaj ntsig birefringence zoo, uas yog tsim rau peb. High-performance polarization li muab tau qhov.
Lub tswv yim ntawm photonic muaju thawj zaug tshwm sim xyoo 1987, thaum nws tau npaj siab tias qhov hluav taws xob band kis ntawm semiconductors muaj ntu ntu ntu nruab nrab zoo ib yam li optics. Ib qho ntawm thaj chaw muaj kev cia siab tshaj plaws yog daim ntawv thov ntawm photonic muaju hauv cov khoom siv fiber ntau. Lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb nws cuam tshuam nrog lub sij hawm microstructure ntawm high-index fibers (lawv feem ntau yog ua los ntawm huab cua qhov nrog silica ua cov khoom tom qab).
Cov fibers nyob rau hauv nqe lus nug feem ntau hu ua photonic siv lead ua fiber ntau (PCFs), thiab qhov tshiab ntawm optical waveguide tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob pawg sib txawv. Thawj hom fiber ntau muaj qhov siab qhov ntsuas siab qhov tseem ceeb hauv txheej txheej (feem ntau yog cov khoom siv silicon) thiab yog ib puag ncig los ntawm ob sab los ntawm photonic siv lead ua cladding. Cov fibers muaj cov khoom zoo li cov fibers zoo sib xws, thiab lawv txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm yog los tsim ib lub sib zog los ntawm tag nrho cov kev xav sab hauv (TIR); piv rau tsoos refractive index kis, qhov zoo refractive index ntawm lub photonic siv lead ua cladding tso cai rau cov tub ntxhais muaj qhov ntsuas qhov phom sij siab dua. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nco ntsoov tias cov no thiaj li hu ua tag nrho cov kev xav ntawm sab hauv photonic siv lead ua fiber ntau (TIR-PCFs) yog qhov ua tiav ywj siab ntawm cov photonic band kis (PBG) cov nyhuv.
Lwm hom fiber ntau, uas yog txawv ntawm TIR-PCFs, nws cov duab siv lead ua cladding qhia cov photonic band cuam tshuam, uas siv cov nyhuv no los tswj cov nqaj hauv cov tub ntxhais. Cov xaim hluav taws xob (PBG-PCFs) pom tau tias muaj ntau qhov kev ua tau zoo, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas muaj peev xwm tswj hwm thiab coj cov nqaj coj los txhawm rau hauv cov tub ntxhais uas muaj qhov ntsuas qis dua qhov ntsuas dua. Hauv kev sib piv, tag nrho sab hauv kev xav ntawm photonic siv lead ua fiber ntau (TIR-PCFs) tau tsim ua ntej, thiab muaj tseeb tiag photonic band kis tau kis (FBG-PCFs) tsuas yog nyuam qhuav tau sim pov thawj.
Xyoo 1991, Russell et al. thawj zaug xav txog lub tswv yim ntawm photonic siv lead ua fiber ntau (PCF) raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm photonic siv lead ua lub teeb kis.
Xyoo 1996, J． C. Knight li al. tsim lub ntiaj teb' s thawj PCF. Tom qab ntawd, hauv kev saib xyuas kev sib txuas lus fiber ntau thiab kho qhov muag pom, PCF tau nthuav dav cov paj laum thoob plaws ntiaj teb.
